Reducing fill-in

A list of algorithms.

Minimum degree (Tinny and Walker, 1967)
Multiple minimum degree (Liu, 1985)
Approximate minimum degree (Amestoy, et. al., 1996)
Nested dissection (George, 1973)
Multilevel nested dissection routine (Karypis and Kumar, 1998)
Multisection (Ashcraft and Liu, 1998)
Local minimum fill (Tinney and Walker, 1967)

http://www.cc.kyushu-u.ac.jp/scp/system/library/WSMP/manual/WSMP-QNA.pdf

A suite of sparse matrix packages.
http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/
UMFPACK is a set of routines for solving unsymmetric sparse linear systems, Ax=b, using the Unsymmetric MultiFrontal method.
http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/umfpack/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparse_matrix#Reducing_fill-in